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Abstract:
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Hepatitis B virus infection generates carriers and
8% will evolve to a chronic phase. Aim: To perform a compilation of studies on hepatitis B in
Chile and other sources of information to estimate the impact of this disease in our country.
Material and methods: Published and unpublished evidence about the infection, in the
general population and risk groups in our country, was compiled and reviewed critically.
Informal interviews to experts, revision of the mandatory notification book of the Ministry of
Health and collection of data from laboratories that study hepatitis B virus, were also carried
out. Results: The seroprevalence of chronic carriers in blood donors is nearly 0.3%. Among risk
groups such as health care personnel, the figure is 0.7%, among homosexuals 29%, among HIV
positive patients 30%, among sexual workers 2% and among children with chronic
hemodialysis, 9%. Prevalence rate according to notified cases in 2004 was 1.8 x 100,000
habitants. Detection of viral hepatitis B surface antigen in laboratories occurs in 0.2% of donors
and 1.3% of non donors. Conclusions: The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus, the lack of
notification, and the introduction of hepatitis B vaccine to our Regular Program of Immunizations, are arguments to develop in Chile a hepatitis B and C surveillance system |